Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito ma cell balancing mu mabatire a lithiamu ndi chiyani?

Ndakhala ndikuchita teardown pack pack ndi BMS kwa zaka pafupifupi 12. Nthawi iliyonse wina akandifunsa kuti "kodi kulinganiza kumachita chiyani?", ndimangowawonetsa zithunzi ziwiri: imodzi ndi 2-chaka{5}}yazaka 36 V e-njinga paketi yopanda kusanja (theka la ma cell pa 1.8 V, ena onse pa 4.18 V), winayo ndi gulu lomwelo lomwe lili ndi 100 mA mV e-bike pack mkati mwa zaka zitatu (ma cell a 1 m2). Ndi mfundo yonse pa chithunzi chimodzi.

M'mapaketi enieni, maselo samabadwa ofanana. Tengani ma cell 100-atsopano a Samsung 50E kuchokera muthireyi yomweyi: kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwake kumakhala ±30 mAh, kudziletsa-kuchuluka kotulutsa kumatha kusiyana ndi nthawi 2-3, ndipo mphamvu yamkati imatha kusiyana 3–5 mΩ. Pambuyo pozungulira 200 ofooka amabwerera m'mbuyo kwambiri. Popanda kulinganiza, kuchuluka kwa paketi kumayendetsedwa ndi selo lofooka kwambiri lomwe limalipira komanso selo lamphamvu kwambiri pakutulutsa. Mumataya mphamvu 20-40% mchaka choyamba chokha.

Active Cell Balancing

Pali njira ziwiri zokha zomwe anthu amalinganiza pakupanga:

Izi ndi zomwe 95 % ya mapaketi osakwana 20 kWh amagwiritsa ntchito.
Ma chips enieni mudzawona pama board:

TI BQ769x2 / BQ769x3 / BQ78z100

Zida za Analogi LTC6804 / LTC6811 / LTC6813

MAX14920 / MAX14921

NXP MC33771 / MC33772

Kutulutsa magazi komweko: 80–150 mA (BQ76952 imatha kukankha 220 mA ngati mufananiza mapini awiri).
Mtengo wotsutsa pakapangidwe kambiri: pafupifupi nthawi zonse 27 Ω kapena 33 Ω 2512 1 phukusi la W.
Yambitsani zokonda zomwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito:
Yambani magazi pa 15-25 mV pamwamba pa paketi yapakati pa CV, imani pamene delta imatsika pansi pa 6-8 mV.
Mukayesa kuthamangitsa 2 mV mumangophika bolodi kosatha.

Kutentha ndiye vuto lenileni. Phukusi la 16s scooter lokhala ndi magazi a 100 mA limatha kutaya 7-8 W molunjika pa BMS PCB. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma e-bike board otsika mtengo a 20-madola amapindika ndi kung'ambika m'chilimwe padzuwa.

Mukadutsa ~ 30 kWh pafupifupi aliyense amasintha kukhala yogwira.

Zenizeni-zitsanzo zapadziko lonse zomwe ndazigwetsa:

Tesla Model S/X (2012–2021): njerwa zazing'ono za DC-DC pa HVJB, ~1 A pa gawo lililonse

BMW i3 (zaka zonse): inductive thiransifoma gawo, 24-to-1 chiŵerengero, pafupifupi 2 A

BYD Blade mapaketi: -macapacitor board akuwuluka motengera Infineon TLF35568

Zilombo zaku China zosasunthika: ma DC akutali-magawo a DC osuntha 15–20 A pazingwe zonse za 700 V

Kuchokera-m-mashelufu omwe anthu amagula:

1–2 AliExpress yobiriwira yowuluka-ma capacitor board (omwe ali ndi 8–16 relays pang'ono)

Heltec / Orion BMS Gen4 / REC Q / Dilithium: 5–8 A yokhala ndi kuzirala kwabwino

Cell Balancing

Ma OEM ambiri amangoyenda pamwamba pa 10-15 % ya SoC chifukwa ma curve amagetsi ndi athyathyathya kwambiri pansi pa 3.45 V (NMC) kapena 3.40 V (LFP).
Tesla waits until >90 % SoC ndipo imangoyendetsa kusala kwa mphindi 30-60 zomaliza.
Zolemba zanga za BMW i3 za 2017 zikuwonetsa kuti choyezera bwino chimangodzuka pomwe delta> 30 mV ndikunyamula pano <5 A.

Ndili ndi kabati yodzaza ndi 2016–2018 yotsika-mapaketi a EV othamanga ochokera ku China omwe adapulumutsa $0.80 pochotsa zoletsa kukhetsa magazi. Pambuyo pa miyezi 18, maselo ofooka amawonongeka, mkuwa umasungunuka, ma dendrites amakula, olekanitsa amasungunuka, moto. Ndawonera 72 V 20 Ah mapaketi akutsika mpaka 8-9 Ah omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'miyezi 14. Amumenyeni $12 yolimbikitsira ndipo abwerera ku 18-19 Ah. Phunziro linaphunzira movutikira.

Pansi pa 15 kWh → kungokhala chete kuli bwino ndipo kumakhala kosatha (ma scooters, zida zamagetsi, ma drones)

400 V+ or >50 kWh → yogwira kapena muzisinthana ma module chaka chilichonse

EV iliyonse yoyenera yogulitsidwa lero ili ndi kusanja. Chosinthika chokha ndikuti ndi 33 Ω resistor kapena bolodi yogwira $300.

Ndiko kusanja ma cell. Palibe zamatsenga. Kungoyimitsa ma cell abwino kuti asakokeredwe ndi m'bale waulesi yemwe adaganiza zokalamba mwachangu.

Cell Balancing