Chabwino ndiye ... inverter.
Ndiyesera kufotokoza izi osapeza luso lonse chifukwa moona mtima pamene ndinayamba kuyang'ana dzuwa ngati zaka 4 zapitazo nkhani iliyonse yomwe ndinawerenga inali yophweka kwambiri ("imasintha mphamvu!") Kotero lemme kupeza maziko apakatikati apa.
Zomwe Palibe Amene Amangonena Patsogolo
Inverter imatenga magetsi a DC ndikusandutsa magetsi a AC. Ndiyo ntchito yonse.
DC=mwachindunji (zomwe ma sola amapanga, zomwe mabatire amasunga)
AC=magetsi osinthira (zomwe nyumba yanu imagwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimatuluka)
N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zili zofunika? Chifukwa kwenikweni chilichonse mnyumba mwanu -- furiji yanu, TV, chojambulira cha foni, nyali yodabwitsa ya IKEA - onse amayembekezera mphamvu ya AC. Koma ma solar amakupatsani DC. Kotero chinachake chiyenera kuchitembenuza icho. Chinthucho ndi inverter.
Ndikukumbukira mnzanga Jake (ndiye amene adandilowetsa muzinthu zonse za dzuwa) anayesa kundifotokozera izi pa barbecue ndipo ndinali ngati "chabwino koma chifukwa chiyani ma solar sangapange AC mwachindunji?" ndipo iye basi...anandipatsa mawonekedwe awa. Zikuoneka kuti physics. Maselo a dzuwa amapanga DC. Nthawi. Sizingasinthe izo. Ndiye inverter.
Mitundu ya Ma Inverters (ndi Chifukwa Chake Izi Zimasokoneza Mwachangu)
Chabwino ndiye pali mitundu itatu yayikulu, mwina 4 ngati mukufuna kusankha.
String Inverters (Kukhazikitsa "Zachikhalidwe")
Izi ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza. Bokosi limodzi, nthawi zambiri kumbali ya nyumba yanu kapena m'galaja, limasamalira mapanelo anu onse.
Woyandikana naye Dave ali ndi izi. Ali ndi mapanelo 20 ndikuganiza? Mwina 18. Komabe, inverter imodzi. Muwonongerani $1,800 pa inverter yokha, ndiye $1,200 ina kapena kuyikapo. Kampani yake yoyendera dzuwa idayesa kumugulitsa pa ma microinverters koma anali ngati nah ndili bwino.
Zimagwira ntchito bwino ... mpaka sizitero. Nachi chinthu - ngati inverter imodziyo itayika (ndipo amatero, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi chaka cha 10-ish kuchokera pazomwe ndaziwona), dongosolo lanu lonse latsika. Basi... palibe. Palibe kupanga magetsi mpaka mutasinthidwa. Dave akupitabe mwamphamvu pambuyo pa zaka 3 ngakhale zili chonchoamagogoda pa nkhuni.
O ndi chinthu china chokhala ndi ma inverters a zingwe - ngati gulu limodzi liri ndi mthunzi kapena lodetsedwa kapena mbalame zimatuluka (zimachitika kuposa momwe mungaganizire), zimakokera pansi chingwe chonsecho. Zili ngati magetsi a Khrisimasi kuyambira m'ma 90s pomwe babu imodzi imafa ndipo chingwe chonse chimadetsedwa. Osati zoipa kwenikweni koma mfundo yofanana.
Ma Microinverters (Zomwe Ndidayenda Nawo Ndi Kunong'oneza Bondo Koma Komanso Osatero?)
Chifukwa chake m'malo mwa inverter imodzi yayikulu, mumayika inverter yaying'ono kumbuyo kwa gulu lililonse. Gulu lirilonse limapanga kutembenuka kwa DC kukhala AC pomwepo padenga.
Ndinapita ndi Enphase microinverters. IQ8+ ngati pali wina amene amasamala za chitsanzocho. Kwa makina anga 15 omwe anali ...amafufuza malisiti akale$4,280 chabe chifukwa cha ma microinverters. Uwu. Inde. Zokwera mtengo kuposa momwe inverter ya zingwe ikanakhalira.
Koma ichi ndichifukwa chake sindimanong'oneza bondo:
Ngati gulu limodzi lili ndi zovuta, linalo 14 limagwirabe ntchito bwino. Panel kudziyimira pawokha kwenikweni.
Kuyang'anira nkwamisala -- Nditha kuwona zomwe gulu lililonse likupanga munthawi yeniyeni pafoni yanga. (Inde ndimafufuza tsiku ndi tsiku. Inde mkazi wanga amandiseka pa izi.)
Iwo akuyenera kukhala zaka 25 ndi chitsimikizo kotero ... mwachidziwitso ine sindidzasowa kusokoneza nawo.
Zoipa?
Zokwera mtengo (kodi ndinanena kale?)
Ngati wina wamwalira, wina ayenera kukwera padenga lanu kuti asinthe. Ndi inverter ya zingwe ndikusinthana-pansi.
Kuyang'anira kumakhala ngati kutengeka. Monga momwe ndikudziwira kuti kum'mawa kwanga-gawo loyang'ana #4 limatulutsa 8% zochepa kuposa momwe ziyenera kukhalira ndipo zimandichititsa misala koma osakwanira kuchita chilichonse.
Ma Hybrid Inverters / Battery-Okonzeka Ma Inverters / Chilichonse Chomwe Kutsatsa Kumawayitanira
Awa ndi omwe amatha kunyamula ma solar NDI mabatire.
Ngati mukupeza china ngati Tesla Powerwall kapena mabatire a Enphase kapena chilichonse, mukufuna imodzi mwa izi. Kapena kwenikweni - kupotoza chiwembu - Powerwall 3 ili ndi iyi IN yomwe ndiyabwino kwambiri. Simukumanga zidutswa zingapo palimodzi.
Sindinayende motere chifukwa mabatire anali okwera mtengo mu 2021. Monga $15k pa batire yokha kuphatikiza kuyika. Ndinali kale kutaya ndalama pa mapanelo ndi ma microinverters kotero ndinali ngati eya ayi tiyeni tilumphe izo tsopano.
Posachedwa kwambiri chaka chatha (2024) ndipo tinali ndi magetsi ozungulira m'chilimwe, ndipo ndidakhala pamenepo ndi ma sola amtengo wapatali $25k omwe sangathe kusunga furiji yanga ikuyenda chifukwa amazimitsa pomwe gululi likutsika (chinthu chachitetezo, chimalepheretsa ogwira ntchito kumagetsi, ndimachipeza koma ndikuyamwa), ndipo ndikuganiza kuti mwina ndapeza batire.
Simunayambenso kuyambitsa. Zili ngati $12-15k ina ndipo ndiyenera kutsimikizira mkazi wanga kuti "ndizofunika" zomwe zimakhala zovuta kugulitsa pamene mphamvuyo imatuluka kangapo pachaka.
Kuwerengera Mphamvu ndi Chifukwa Chake Changa Sichikukwanira (Mwinamwake)
Chabwino kotero ma inverters ali ndi mphamvu zoyezera ma watts kapena kilowatts. Muyenera kufananiza izi ndi ... chabwino, ndi mphamvu zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito nthawi imodzi.
Anzanga otembenuza zingwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi 5kW kapena 6kW inverters. Kukhazikitsa kwanga kwa microinverter mwaukadaulo kumachita 3.96kW okwana (264W pagawo x 15 mapanelo) koma sizofanana chifukwa ...
Chofunika ndi: Kodi ikhoza kuyendetsa zinthu zanu zonse?
Tiyerekeze kuti mukuthamanga:
Firiji (700W ikuyenda, koma ngati 2000W pamene kompresa ikuyamba - eya ndiye chinthu)
Microwave (1200W)
Kuwala (mwina 100W ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito ma LED omwe muyenera kukhala)
TV + rauta + chilichonse (300W)
Window AC unit (1500W)
Ndi 3800W mosalekeza ngati chilichonse chikuyenda nthawi imodzi, koma kuyambika kwa furiji kumakufikitsani ku 5100W kwa sekondi imodzi.
Chifukwa chake mufunika inverter yomwe imatha kunyamula katundu wopitilira, ndipo ili ndi mutu wina woyambira. Ma inverters abwino amatha kuthana ndi 120-150% opareshoni kwa masekondi angapo.
Ndinaphunzira izi movutikira - chabwino, osati ine, koma bwenzi langa Tom. Adapeza inverter yotsika mtengo ya 3000W pakuyika kwake kwa solar ya RV ndipo adadabwa chifukwa chake idangotseka pomwe amayendetsa microwave. Zinapezeka kuti microwave yake idakoka 1200W koma inverter imatha kuchita 3000W mosalekeza ndipo inali ndi maopaleshoni owopsa. Furiji yake ndi microwave palimodzi zidaposa zomwe zimatha. $300 inverter pansi kukhetsa, idayenera kukwezedwa mpaka 4000W unit.
Gululi-Chinthu Chomangirira Chimene Chandisokoneza Kwa Miyezi 6
Nthawi zambiri zoyendera dzuwa ndi "gridi-zomangidwa" kutanthauza kuti chosinthira chanu chimalumikizana ndi gululi. Amagwirira ntchito limodzi. Mukapanga mphamvu zochulukirapo kuposa zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, zochulukirapo zimapita ku gululi (ndipo kutengera zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, mumapeza ngongole). Mukafuna mphamvu zambiri kuposa zomwe mukupanga, mumakoka pagululi.
Izi ndi zomwe ndili nazo. Imagwira ntchito bwino 99% ya nthawiyo.
Koma -- ndipo izi ndizofunikira - ma inverters omangidwa ndi gridi amatsekedwa pamene gululi likutsika. Ngakhale kunja kuli kowala kwambiri ndipo mapanelo anu akutulutsa mphamvu. The inverter sawona chizindikiro cha gridi ndipo amapita "ayi, ndatuluka" ndikutseka.
Sindinamvetse izi pomwe ndidayamba kupeza solar. Ndinkaganiza kuti ma sola amatanthauza kuti ndidzakhala ndi mphamvu panthawi yamagetsi. KULAKWIKA. Mufunika makina a batri okhala ndi chosinthira chapadera kuti musunge mphamvu panthawi yozimitsa. Ndi chinthu chosiyana kwambiri chomwe chimawononga ndalama zambiri.
Palinso zozimitsa-zosintha ma gridi m'makabati ndi zinthu zomwe zilibe zolumikizidwa konse, koma sizomwe anthu ambiri amafunikira. Izi ndizovuta kwambiri chifukwa amayenera kuyang'anira zonse okha -- kupanga mafupipafupi a 60Hz AC, kuyendetsa magetsi, ndi zina zotero. Zomangidwa ndi gridi zimangogwirizanitsa ndi zomwe zilipo kale.
Kuchita bwino (AKA The Nerd Specs Anthu Amatsutsana)
Ma inverters sagwira ntchito 100%. Mphamvu ina imatayika ngati kutentha pakusintha. Ndi physics basi.
Ma inverters abwino kwambiri ndi 96-97%. Ena amati 98% (Enphase akuti 97.6% yanga).
Kodi izi zilibe kanthu? Ehh... kinda?
Monga pamapepala, 96% inverter yogwira bwino ntchito ndi 98% yogwira ntchito bwino -- pa makina 10,000 kWh/chaka ndiko kusiyana kwa 200 kWh. Pa $0.15/kWh ndiyo $30/chaka. Pazaka 25 ndizo $750. Osati kanthu, komanso osati wophwanya malonda.
Zomwe ndikuganiza kuti ndizofunikira KWAMBIRI ndikuchita bwino pazowonjezera pang'ono. Ma inverter ena amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pamagetsi akuluakulu koma amatsika mpaka 85% akuyenda bwino mukamakoka 10% ya mphamvu zovoteledwa. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri chifukwa nthawi zambiri simukukulitsa dongosolo - mukupanga / kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pang'ono.
Koma moona mtima...Sinditaya tulo pa izi. Ngati mukuyang'ana ma inverters mumtundu wa 95-98%, muli bwino. Osalola kuti amatsenga a pabwalo ladzuwa akuwuzeni mwanjira ina (ndipo ndikunena kuti ngati munthu yemwe wakhala akukangana za izi pa intaneti nthawi ya 2am).
Kuyika Ndalama Sizimene Amakutchulani
Apa ndipamene ndinapsa pang'ono. Inverter quote inali chinthu chimodzi. Mtengo weniweni womaliza unali ... wosiyana.
Mawu anga okhazikitsa solar anati:
15 mapanelo: $12,000
Ma Microinverters: $4,280
Kuyika ntchito: $3,500
Zilolezo: $400
Chiwerengero chonse: $20,180
Mtengo wake womaliza: $24,680
Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa:
Panelo yanga yamagetsi ikufunika kukwezedwa ($1,800 -- inali gulu lakale la 100A, lofunika 200A)
Pamafunika gulu laling'ono-lothandizira mabwalo osunga zobwezeretsera "pamene tidakali" ($750)
Ndalama zoyendera mzinda zinali zapamwamba kuposa zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa ($ 150 yowonjezera)
Mayendedwe ena atha kukhala atali kuposa momwe amayembekezera ($300)
Zinthu zosasintha ($400)
Sindikunena kuti adandinyenga - zambiri mwa izi zinali zovomerezeka zomwe zidabwera pakukhazikitsa. Koma ndikanakonda wina akadandiuza kuti ndikonzenso 20% yowonjezera pa "zinthu zomwe zimabwera."
Komanso -- ndipo ili likhoza kungokhala dera langa -- koma kupeza zilolezo kudatenga KWAMAYIKO. Monga masabata 6. Kukhazikitsa komwe kunali masiku awiri. Kudikira chivomerezo cha mzinda kunali mwezi ndi theka. Konzekerani zimenezo.
Zinthu Zachitsimikizo (Zotopetsa Koma Zofunika Kwambiri)
Ma inverters a zingwe: nthawi zambiri chitsimikizo cha zaka 10-12, nthawi zambiri amatha kupitilira zaka 20-25 pamalipiro
Microinverters: Nthawi zambiri zaka 25 muyezo
Nachi chinthu, komabe - chitsimikizo ndichabwino monga momwe kampani ikuchirikiza. Ndawonapo makampani atatu osinthira magetsi akusokonekera mzaka 5 zapitazi. Ngati muli ndi chitsimikizo kuchokera ku kampani yomwe kulibe, zikomo, muli ndi pepala lopanda phindu.
Khalani ndi mayina akulu:
Enphase (microinverters)
SolarEdge (zingwe inverters + optimizers)
SMA (zingwe inverters)
Fronius (zingwe inverters)
Generac (hybrid / batri inverters)
Kodi pali njira zotsika mtengo? Inde. Kodi muyenera kuika pachiswe? Sindikanatero. Woyandikana nane alibe{2}dzina la Chinese inverter kuti asunge $600. Idamwalira mchaka cha 3. Kampani kulibenso. Analipira $1,400 kuti alowe m'malo mwake ndi SolarEdge. Zachuma zabodza.
Mapulogalamu Owunika Ndiwokongola Kwambiri
Ndimagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya Enphase tsiku lililonse. Monga ine ndinanena, mkazi wanga amandiseka ine pa izi, koma chirichonse.
Mutha kuwona:
Gulu lililonse lipanga-nthawi yeniyeni
Mbiri yakale yobwerera zaka zapitazo
Ndi mapanelo ati omwe sachita bwino kwambiri
Zidziwitso zaumoyo pamakina
Ndizothandizadi. Monga mwezi watha ndidawona gulu 7 latsika mpaka 60% yazotulutsa zake zonse. Zikuoneka kuti nthambi yamtengo idagwerapo panthawi yamphepo yamkuntho. Popanda kuyang'anira mwina sindinazindikire kwa milungu ingapo.
Wodziwa zambiri mwa ine amakonda zinthu izi. Ndili ndi masamba. Ndimatsata kusintha kwa nyengo. Ndikudziwa kuti makina anga amapanga 1,247 kWh mu July pafupifupi ndi 412 kWh mu December. Ndine... Ndikhoza kukhala ndi vuto.
Komanso ndi kachitidwe kanu, mudalipira ndalama zabwino, mutha kudziwa momwe zikuyendera.
Mavuto Omwe Ndidakumana Nawo / Ndidawawona
Kulumikizana kwa WiFi- Inverter yanga imasiya kulumikizana ndi WiFi ngati kamodzi pamwezi. Muyenera kuyikhazikitsanso. Vuto loyamba la dziko lapansi koma losasangalatsa. Ndaphunzira kungokhala nazo.
Zosintha za firmware- Enphase imakankhira zosintha nthawi zina ndipo nthawi zina amazipanga zina. Zinachitikira nthumwi yanga (malo olumikizirana) kamodzi, ndimayenera kupeza ukadaulo kuti ayikhazikitsenso. Zimenezo zinali zosangalatsa (sizinali zosangalatsa).
Kutentha kwambiri-- Ngati inverter yanu ili padzuwa lachindunji kapena pamalo otsekedwa, imatentha kwambiri ndikuwonongeka kapena kuzimitsa. Anga ali mu garaja yomwe imakhala yabwino koma chosinthira chingwe cha mnzanga chili pakhoma lakumwera ndipo ali ndi zovuta m'chilimwe. Apatseni mthunzi ngati mungathe.
Mavuto osagwirizana ndi gridi- Nthawi zina inverter imaganiza kuti ikuwona vuto la grid pomwe palibe ndikutseka. Zandichitikira kawiri pazaka 4. Nthawi zambiri zimangofunika kukonzanso.
Zokhumudwitsa zotsekera mwachangu-- Khodi yatsopano imafunika kuzimitsa mwachangu (kuti ozimitsa moto aphe makina anu mwachangu ngati pangafunike). Izi nthawi zina zimakhala zabodza. Ululu mu bulu kuthetsa mavuto chifukwa zizindikiro zolakwika ndi cryptic.
Palibe cha izi ndi kutha kwa dziko, basi ... zinthu zenizeni za moyo zomwe zimachitika.
Ndiye Kodi Ndizoyenera?
amatambasula zala chifukwa izi zikutalika
Taonani, ndine $24,680 mu chinthu choyendera dzuwa. Ndalama zanga zamagetsi zidachoka ngati $180/mwezi pafupifupi kufika pa $15 yokha yolumikizira. Chifukwa chake ndikupulumutsa pafupifupi $165/mwezi=$1,980/chaka.
Nthawi yobwezera: zaka 12.5
Onjezani batire yomwe mwina ndidzapeza: zambiri ngati kubweza kwa zaka 18-20.
Zachuma? Palibe kanthu. Zosadabwitsa. Ine sindikupeza chuma pa izi. Koma m'zaka 10 pamene magetsi oyandikana nawo akwera 50% (zikuwoneka) ndipo zanga sizinatero, zidzawoneka bwino.
-zifukwa zosakhala zandalama zomwe ndili wokondwa kuti ndinachita izi:
Kulakwa kwa chilengedwe kutha
Ndikumva bwino kupanga mphamvu zanga
Chidole chosangalatsa chaukadaulo chomwe mungasewere nacho (kuwunika, kukhathamiritsa, zonsezo)
Gridi ikatsika ndipo pamapeto pake ndimapeza batriyo ... kukhutitsidwa ndi smug
-zifukwa zosakhala zandalama zomwe nthawi zina ndimadandaula nazo:
Zoyipa zoyera zomwe zinali zokwera mtengo
Sikuti "kukhazikitsa ndikuyiwala" monga ndimayembekezera
HOA idandipatsa chisoni pamapulogalamu (tidazikonza komabe)
Inverter makamaka? Pitani ndi khalidwe. Ndicho chotengera changa chachikulu. Osatsika mtengo. Pezani kuyang'anira. Kukula bwino. Ndipo bajeti yochulukirapo kuposa momwe amakutchulirani chifukwa china chake chimabwera nthawi zonse.
Chinthu Chinanso Ndikanakonda Ndikanadziwa Poyambirira
O ndipo ngati mutha kupeza batri pamzere -- yang'ananiionic lithiamu batirezosankha. Ndiopepuka, amalipira mwachangu, ndipo alibe zovuta zothawitsa matenthedwe am'mafakitale akale omwe amakhala nawo. Ndikadakhala kuti wina wandiuza zimenezi ndisanayambe kutulutsa mitengo ya lead{{2}makina osunga ma asidi ngati caveman.
