Kodi kukana kwamkati kwa batri ya lithiamu ndi chiyani?
Mphamvu ikadutsa mkati mwa batire, imakumana ndi kukana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya batire. Kukaniza uku kumatchedwa kukana kwamkati kwa batri. Chifukwa cha kulimba kwa batire mkati mwake, mphamvu ya batire imakhala yocheperapo kuposa mphamvu ya electromotive ndipo imatsegula-voltage yozungulira ikatuluka. Pochajisa, magetsi oyendera amakhala apamwamba kuposa mphamvu ya electromotive komanso open-voltage yozungulira. Kukana kwa batri mkati ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la gwero lamagetsi. Zimakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu ya batire, mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito, mphamvu yotulutsa, ndi mphamvu. Kwa gwero lamphamvu lamphamvu lamankhwala, kutsika kwapakati kukana, kumakhala bwinoko.
Kukana kwa batri mkati sikukhazikika; zimasiyanasiyana pakutha kutengera kapangidwe kazinthu zogwira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa electrolyte, kutentha kwa batri, komanso nthawi yotulutsa. Kukana kwa batri mkati kumaphatikizapo kukana kwamkati kwa ohmic (R₀) ndi polarization internal resistance (Rf) yowonetsedwa ndi ma electrode panthawi ya electrochemical reaction. Kuchuluka kwa ziwirizi kumatchedwa batire's total internal resistance (Rw).
Ohmic kukana kwamkati kumapangidwa makamaka ndi kukana kwamkati kwa zida zamagetsi, electrolyte, separator, ndi kukana kukhudzana kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zimayenderana ndi kukula kwa batri, kapangidwe kake, njira yopangira ma elekitirodi (monga ma electrode{3}}mtundu ndi ma elekitirodi a tubular mu lead-mabatire a asidi, ndi bokosi-mtundu ndi ma elekitirodi a sintered mu mabatire a alkaline), ndi kuthina kwa batire. Ohmic internal resistance amamvera lamulo la Ohm.
Polarization internal resistance imatanthawuza kukana kwamkati komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha polarization pakati pa ma elekitirodi abwino ndi oyipa a gwero lamphamvu lamankhwala panthawi ya electrochemical reaction. Ndilo kuchuluka kwa kukana komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha electrochemical polarization ndi ndende
polarization.
Polarization kukana kwamkati kumagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha zinthu zogwira ntchito, mawonekedwe a electrode, ndi njira yopangira batri, makamaka yogwirizana kwambiri ndi momwe batire imagwirira ntchito; kutulutsa komweku komanso kutentha kumakhudza kwambiri. Pakachulukidwe kachulukidwe kakakulu kakachulukidwe, polarization ya electrochemical ndi kuphatikizika kwa ndende kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma electrode asokonezeke, motero amakulitsa kukana kwamkati. Kutentha kochepa kumakhudza kwambiri polarization ya electrochemical ndi kufalikira kwa ion; chifukwa chake, kulimba kwa batire mkati mwa batire kumawonjezekanso pakatentha-kanthawi kochepa. Choncho, kukana polarization si nthawi zonse, koma kusintha ndi mlingo kumaliseche, kutentha ndi zina.
Mawu owunikira a kukana kwamkati kwa batri ndi motere:
Munjirayi, bE (iₐ,τ,C) Iₐ⁻¹-Kukana kwa batri polarization mkati;
b-Chiwerengero cha kusintha kwa mphamvu ya batire yotengera mphamvu ya batire mogwirizana ndi mphamvu ya batire ya E m'malo movotera batire ikachajitsidwa ndi kutulutsidwa ndi Iₐ yamakono;
Rₑₗ(τ,C)-Kukana kwa electrolyte;
Rₑ(C)-Kukana ma elekitirodi. Kukana kwa electrolyte Rₑₗ ndi kukana kwa electrode Rₑ ndizosiyana mosagwirizana ndi mphamvu yanthawi yomweyo ya batri;
iₐ, τ, C-Battery ikuyitanitsa ndi kutulutsa mphamvu, kutentha, ndi kuchuluka kwake panthawiyo.
Kukana kwa batri mkati kumakhala kochepa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosafunikira pansi pazikhalidwe zambiri zogwirira ntchito. Komabe, mabatire amagetsi amagalimoto amagetsi nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pansi pamikhalidwe yayikulu komanso yotaya kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwakukulu kwamagetsi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukana kwamkati. Pankhaniyi, zotsatira za kukana kwa mkati pa dera lonse sizinganyalanyazidwe.
