Kodi Copper Foil N'chiyani?
Zinthu zomwe palibe amene amazikamba mpaka chinachake chitalakwika
Batire iliyonse ya lifiyamu-yokhala ndi chojambula chamkuwa. Foni yanu, laputopu yanu, galimoto ya EV inayimitsidwa kunja kwa - zonsezo. Chojambulacho chimakhala kumbuyo kwa graphite anode ndipo chimagwira ntchito imodzi: kusuntha ma elekitironi mkati ndi kunja. Osati zokongola. Othandizira samapeza zokamba zazikulu pamisonkhano ya batri. Koma zojambulazo zikalephera, selo lonse limalephera.
Ndakhala zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndikuchita bizinesi iyi. Chojambula chamkuwa sichinthu chomwe ndimaganizira kwambiri koyambirira. Zipangizo za cathode zimatengera chidwi chonse - ma ratios a NCM, kupeza cobalt, mtundu wotere. Chojambulacho chinali pomwepo. Kenako ndidayamba kuwona ma cell akubwerera kuchokera kumunda ali ndi vuto la kusungunuka kwa mkuwa, ndipo ndidazindikira kuti akatswiri ambiri amamvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika pamalowa.
Zoyambira, mwachidule
Zolemba za batri-zimakhala zokhuthala pakati pa 6 ndi 12 microns pamapulogalamu ambiri. Opanga ena adakankhira ku ma microns 4.5. Tsitsi la munthu limakhala lozungulira ma microns 70, kuti mumvetsetse kukula kwake.
Njira ziwiri zopangira. Electrolytic deposition - mumasungunula mkuwa mu sulfuric acid, kuthamanga madzi mumtsuko, ndi mbale zamkuwa kupita ku ng'oma yozungulira. Chotsani, pukutani. Ndiwo 90-kuphatikiza peresenti ya msika. Njira ina ndikugudubuza, pomwe mumayamba ndi cholumikizira chamkuwa ndikuchichepetsera mobwerezabwereza. Rolling imakupatsani mwayi wamakina abwinoko koma imawononga ndalama zambiri. Ambiri opanga ma cell safuna kulipira umafunika.
Chifukwa chiyani aliyense amasamala za makulidwe
Chojambula chocheperako chimatanthauza malo ochulukirapo azinthu zogwira ntchito mumtundu womwewo wa cell. Ndiko kuchuluka kwa mphamvu. Kukankhira kuchokera pa ma micron 8 mpaka 6 micron zojambulazo pazaka khumi zapitazi zidapatsa opanga ma cell mphamvu zenizeni popanda kusintha china chilichonse chokhudza mapangidwe awo. Kuonda kuposa ma microns 6 kumakhala kovuta. The zojambulazo misozi pa wokutira. Imakwinya mu makina omangira. Zokolola zimatsika.
Ndidayendera mzere wakutchingira m'chigawo cha Jiangsu zaka zingapo kumbuyo komwe amayenerera zojambula za 4.5 micron. Ogwiritsa ntchitowo amayenera kuchepetsa liwiro la mzerewu ndi 30 peresenti kuti zojambulazo zisagwe. Palibe amene anasangalala ndi zimenezo. Kupititsa patsogolo kumafunika pamene mukuyesera kugunda zomwe mukufuna.
Vuto la pamwamba
Chojambula cha Electrolytic chili ndi mbali ziwiri. Mbali ya ng'oma ndi yonyezimira komanso yosalala. Mbali inayo - mbali ya matte - ili ndi mawonekedwe ochulukirapo. Mumavala anode slurry kumbali ya matte chifukwa roughness imathandiza kumamatira. Zosavuta mokwanira m'malingaliro.
Koma kuuma kwa pamwamba ndi kusinthanitsa. Zosalala kwambiri ndipo zokutira zimasuluka pakapita mazana angapo. Zimakhala zowawa kwambiri ndipo mumapeza mawanga opyapyala mu zokutira pomwe mkuwa wopanda kanthu umalumikizana ndi electrolyte. Ndizoipa. Mkuwa amasungunuka mu electrolyte pansi pazifukwa zina, amasamukira ku cathode, mbale kunja uko, ndipo pamapeto pake amafupikitsa selo. Ndawona ma cell akulephera motere nditakhala mosungira - osakwera njinga, kungokhala ndi chotolera chambiri.
Opanga zojambulazo amagwiritsa ntchito khama lalikulu kuti athane ndi nkhanza. Zowonjezera phukusi mu plating kusamba. Tumizani-masitepe amankhwala. Ogulitsa ena amawotcha pang'onopang'ono mbali ya ng'oma, pomwe mbali zonse zimakutidwa.
Zimbiri ndi mutu weniweni
Ma electrolyte mu lithiamu{0}}maselo a ayoni ndi LiPF6 osungunuka mu organic carbonates. Izo siziyenera kuukira mkuwa. Mkuwa ndi wokhazikika pa kuthekera kwa anode. Koma nthawi zonse pamakhala chinyontho - magawo pa miliyoni, zedi, koma zilipo. Chinyezi chimachita ndi LiPF6 kupanga HF. Hydrofluoric acid. Zinthu zoipa. Imadya mkuwa.
Njira imodzi yolephera yomwe ndafufuza kangapo: zokutira za anode zimang'ambika panjinga, zimawonetsa zojambulazo, ndipo HF imayamba kugwira ntchito. Ma ion a mkuwa osungunuka amasuntha kudzera pa cholekanitsa, ndikuyika pa cathode ngati mkuwa wachitsulo, ndipo pamapeto pake mumakhala wofewa. Kutha kwa mphamvu kumathamanga. Nthawi zina cell imatuluka. Tidatengera kukumbukira kumodzi kugulu loyipa la zojambulazo zomwe zinali ndi okusayidi wochulukirapo - wosanjikiza wa oxide sunateteze mkuwa momwe umayenera kukhalira.
Kutaya kwakuya ndi kusintha
Tulutsani selo pansi pa voteji yake ndipo mphamvu ya anode imakwera. Pitani patali mokwanira ndipo mukuyamba kusungunula mkuwa electrochemically. Izi sizotsutsana - zalembedwa m'mabuku, ndipo katswiri wazopanga ma cell waziwonapo.
Vutoli limawonekera pamndandanda-mapaketi olumikizidwa pomwe ma cell amasokonekera. Selo lofooka kwambiri limatuluka kaye, kenako limayendetsedwa ndi ma cell ena. Opanga mapaketi amayika mabwalo oteteza izi. Koma mabwalo achitetezo amalephera nthawi zina. Ma IC achitetezo achinyengo ndi chinthu chenicheni pamaketani ogulitsa. Ma board a BMS otsika mtengo okhala ndi zida zomwe sizimakwaniritsa. Ndawonapo kusungunuka kwa mkuwa m'mapaketi omwe akuti anali ndi chitetezo chobwerera.
Silicon imapangitsa chilichonse kukhala chovuta
Ma silicon anode akubwera. Aliyense amadziwa kuti silicon imasunga lifiyamu wambiri kuposa graphite - pafupifupi kakhumi kuchulukitsa. Zomwe anthu samaziganizira nthawi zonse ndizomwe silicon imachita kwa osonkhanitsa apano.
Silicon imakula kwambiri ikapangidwa. Kupitilira 300 peresenti kusintha kwa voliyumu. Zosanjikiza za anode zimafufuma ndikukhazikika kuzungulira kulikonse. Chojambula chamkuwa wamba sichinapangidwe kuti chizitha kupanikizika ndi makina. Kutopa kusweka. Delamination. Kutayika kwa magetsi. Opanga ma silicon anode akugwira ntchito ndi-zophatikizika zamkuwa zolimba kwambiri kapena 3D{{10}zojambula zomangidwa bwino-zolimba kuti athe kukulitsa. Ndilo gawo logwira ntchito, chitukuko cha eni ake ambiri, palibe wopambana momveka bwino.
Kuyamba kumodzi komwe ndidalankhulako chaka chatha kunali kugwiritsa ntchito copper-nickel-silicon alloy foil yomwe imasunga mphamvu zolimba kuposa 500 MPa pakutentha kokwera. Kugulitsa{{4}kutsika kunali kocheperako - mwina 60 peresenti ya mkuwa weniweni. Kwa ntchito yawo zinagwira ntchito. Sizikudziwika ngati ikukula.
Zowona za chain chain
Zojambula zambiri zamkuwa za batri zimachokera kwa opanga ochepa ku China, Japan, ndi Korea. Furukawa, Mitsui, Iljin, Tongguan - maina amenewo amawonekera mobwerezabwereza. Opanga ma cell aku North America ndi ku Europe nthawi zambiri amatumiza kunja. Pali zokambilana za kupanga zojambulazo m'malo monga kuchuluka kwa batri m'chigawo kumabwera pa intaneti, koma zimatenga zaka kuti mupange lusoli. Kupanga zojambula za Electrolytic ndi zida-zozama ndipo zimadziwa-momwe zilili. Simungagule makina ndikuyamba kutumiza zojambulazo zabwino kotala lotsatira.
Mitengo imatsata mitengo yamkuwa kuphatikiza mtengo wosinthira. Zojambula zowonda zimalamula chindapusa chokwera chifukwa zokolola ndizochepa komanso kuwongolera bwino kumakhala kovuta. Kufalikira pakati pa 8 micron ndi 4.5 micron mitengo ikuwonetsa zovuta.
Chofunika kwenikweni
Chojambula chamkuwa ndi gawo lokhwima m'njira zambiri. Ukadaulo woyambira wopanga sunasinthe kwambiri pazaka zambiri. Koma mafotokozedwe amachulukirachulukira pomwe zofunikira zama cell zimakwera. Kulimba kwamphamvu, kutalikirana, makulidwe ofanana, kukhwinyata pamwamba, kusachita dzimbiri - zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti ma cell azikhala bwino komanso moyo wake wonse.
Mainjiniya omwe ndimagwira nawo ntchito nthawi zina amatenga zojambulazo ngati chinthu chogula. Pezani ogulitsa otsika mtengo kwambiri omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira zake ndikupitilira. Izo zimagwira ntchito mpaka izo sizitero. Chinyezi chochepa cha ppm muzojambulazo, kugawa kwaukali pang'ono kunja kwa malire olamulira, gulu lofooka lomwe linadutsa QC chifukwa dongosolo lachitsanzo silinali lolimba mokwanira - iliyonse ya izi ingasonyeze ngati kulephera kwamunda miyezi kapena zaka pambuyo pake. Pofika nthawi yachedwa kukonza zotchipa.
Palibe amene ati alowe m'malo mwa mkuwa posachedwa. Aluminiyamu sagwira ntchito pa mphamvu ya anode. Nickel amawononga ndalama zambiri. Zojambula zophatikizika zokhala ndi ma polima zikukula koma sizikukonzedwa-zokonzeka. Kwa zaka khumi zikubwerazi, zojambula zamkuwa zimakhala momwe zilili: mu selo iliyonse ya lithiamu-ion, ikugwira ntchito yake mwakachetechete, mpaka chinachake chitalakwika.
