Ndi njira ziti zowongolera ma batire amphamvu?

Ndi njira ziti zowongolera ma batire amphamvu?

Power Battery System Charging Control Strategy

Pazonse zazikulu-zophatikizika zophatikizika zamapaketi a batri yamphamvu, kuphatikiza pakuganizira za mankhwala ndi mawonekedwe a batire la mphamvu yokha, m'pofunikanso kuganizira njira yosungira batire, malo osungiramo, momwe zilili pazida zolipirira, nkhani za chitetezo zokhudzana ndi malo osungira ndi kulipiritsa, komanso mphamvu ya gridi yamagetsi.

Pakati pa zinthu zambiri, chitsimikizo choyambirira ndi kuganiziridwa kuyenera kukhala chitetezo cholipiritsa cha batri yamagetsi, zomwe zikutanthauza kupanga zoyambira paziwongolero zotsogola potengera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabatire amagetsi ndikuwunika ndikuwongolera njira pakulipiritsa. Pamlingo wapano wa kasamalidwe ka batire la mphamvu ndi ukadaulo wothamangitsa, zakhala zotheka kuzindikira magawo a ma cell amtundu wa batri panthawi yolipira. Chifukwa chake, kuti muwonetsetse chitetezo cholipiritsa, magawo a maselo a batri ayenera kuyang'aniridwa momwe angathere.

Pankhani ya njira zowongolera zowongolera, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mabatire osonkhanitsidwa ndi maselo amodzi. Pakali pano, njira zingapo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka kudzera mukulankhulana pakati pa Battery Management System (BMS) ndi chojambulira, kuwongolera kulipiritsa kutengera magawo wamba amtundu uliwonse wa batire paketi. Lingaliro lofunikira lowongolera ndikukulitsa kuchuluka kwa batire la paketi ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha batri. Magawo a ma cell a batri ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti ali otetezeka. Chifukwa chake, njira yoyendetsera zowongolera nthawi zambiri imatenga njira yosinthira magawo othamangitsa potengera zinthu zomwe zimafunikira kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuyang'ana pa magawo a maselo amtundu wa batire molingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya batri. Magalimoto amagetsi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yofunika kwambiri yomwe imaperekedwa ndi batire yamagetsi yothamangitsa logic cycle Table 11-3 kuti isinthe paziwongolero zonse, ndikusunga magawo opitilira muyeso mkati mwa paketi ya batri mkati mwanthawi yochepa.

Mwachitsanzo, kulitcha batri la lithiamu manganese oxide, kulipiritsa kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira yanthawi zonse-yamagetsi yamagetsi. Panthawi yolipiritsa, cholinga choyamba ndikuzindikira voteji ya cell mu batire paketi. Ngati voteji yamtundu uliwonse ya cell ipitilira mphamvu yovomerezeka yokhazikitsidwa (monga 4.25V), malire amalipiritsi apano akuyenera kuchepetsedwa kuti athe kuwongolera kukwera kwamagetsi amtundu uliwonse. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kutentha kwa batri kumapezeka nthawi ndi nthawi. Ngati kutentha kwa selo lililonse kumaposa kutentha kwapakati pa batire ndi digirii 5, malire olipira akuyenera kuchepetsedwa, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kutentha. Pansi pa kasamalidwe koyengedwa ndi kuwongolera, kusintha kwa malire amagetsi kumathanso kutengera kusintha kwa kutentha kwa batire. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha kwa batire kukakhala kocheperako, malire akumtunda kwa voteji amakwezedwa kuti awonjezere kuchuluka kwa batire la paketi; pamene kutentha kwa batri kuli pamtunda wapamwamba, malire apamwamba a magetsi othamanga amatsitsidwa kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha batri.

Table 11-3 Chofunika Kwambiri Kulipiritsa Parameter Control Strategies for Battery Packs

Njira Yoyendetsera Battery System Charging

Kukhazikitsa njira yolipiritsa kumafuna kutumiza deta mogwira mtima komanso-kuzindikira kwanthawi yeniyeni pakati pa batire ndi chojambulira. Battery Management System (BMS) imamaliza ntchito yosonkhanitsa magawo mu batire. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, panthawi yomwe mukuyitanitsa mwanzeru, polankhulana ndi chojambulira, zimatsimikizira chitetezo cha njira yolipirira ndikukwaniritsa kuwongolera bwino kwa batri.

Kapangidwe kachitidwe koyambira kasamalidwe kakuwongolera kukuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 11-12.

Ntchito ya BMS ndikukwaniritsa kuwunika kwa batire pa intaneti (kutentha kwa batri, voteji ya cell, yomwe ikugwira ntchito, kutchinjiriza pakati pa batire ndi mulu wothamangitsa), kuyerekeza kwa SOC, kusanthula mawonekedwe (ngati SOC ndiyokwera kwambiri, kaya kutentha kwa batri ndi kokwera kwambiri / kutsika, kaya voteji yamagetsi yakwera kwambiri / yotsika, kutentha kwa batire kumathamanga kwambiri, kaya, kuwunika kwa batire, ngati batire, kuwunika kuli kopitilira muyeso paketi ili ndi zolakwika, kapena zolakwika za kulumikizana, ndi zina) ndikukhazikitsa kasamalidwe koyenera ka kutentha. Ntchito zazikulu za charger ndi kutembenuza mphamvu, kutseka-kuwongolera loop ya mphamvu yotulutsa ndi yapano, chitetezo chofunikira, ndi kulumikizana ndi BMS kuti mumvetsetse bwino momwe batire ilili komanso kusintha kwamphamvu kwa kutulutsa kwapano. Pamene batire paketi ikufunika kulipiritsidwa, kuwonjezera pa mizere yayikulu yabwino komanso yoyipa yamagetsi otulutsa omwe amafunikira kulumikizidwa ndi paketi ya batri, chingwe cholumikizirana chogawana deta chimawonjezedwa pakati pa BMS ndi chojambulira.

Njira yolipirirayi imakhazikitsa ulalo wolumikizana pakati pa Battery Management System ndi ma charger, zomwe zimathandiza kugawana deta. Izi zimathandiza magawo okhudzana ndi chitetezo, monga mphamvu yamagetsi, kutentha, ndi kutsekemera kwa batri panthawi yonseyi, kutenga nawo mbali pakuwongolera ndi kuyang'anira batire. Izi zimathandiza chojambulira kuti imvetsetse bwino momwe batire ilili komanso zambiri, komanso kusintha momwe mabatire alili, ndikuletsa kuchulutsa komanso kutentha kwambiri m'mabatire onse apakati pa paketi, potero zimathandizira chitetezo chanthawi zonse-kuchajisa batire kolumikizidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yolipirirayi imathandizira kasamalidwe ndi kasamalidwe ka BMS, imapangitsa chitetezo ndi luntha pakulipiritsa, komanso kufewetsa ntchito yotopetsa yokhazikitsa magawo opangira ma charger, ndikupangitsa kuti chojambulira chizitha kusinthika. Munjira iyi, chojambulira sichiyenera kusiyanitsa mitundu ya batri; imangofunika kulandira malangizo apano operekedwa ndi BMS kuti akwaniritse kulipiritsa kotetezeka.

Njira Zopangira Battery System

Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, kulipiritsa batire lamagetsi pamagalimoto amagetsi kumatha kugawidwa m'njira ziwiri: kutchaja pansi ndi-kuchajisa pa board.

Njira Yolipirira Pansi

Galimoto ikafunika kulipiritsa kowonjezera, batire lomwe likufuna kulipiritsa limachotsedwa mgalimotomo, ndipo batire yodzaza kwathunthu imayikidwa. Galimotoyo imachoka kuti ipitilize kugwira ntchito kapena kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo batire yochotsedwa imawonjezeredwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira pansi. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolipiritsa pansi ndikopindulitsa pakukonza batire, kuwongolera moyo wa batri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino galimoto, koma kumapangitsa kuti galimoto ikhale yofunikira kwambiri komanso zolipirira / zida. Kulipiritsa pansi kumagawikanso m'mabokosi amalipiritsa ndi ma paketi ophatikizana.

(1)Kulipira BokosiMumatchaja bokosi, charger iliyonse imatcha bokosi limodzi la mabatire mu paketi ya batri ndikulumikizana ndi mayunitsi oyang'anira mabatire oyandikana nawo kuti amalize kuwongolera. Njirayi ndiyothandiza pakuwongolera kufananiza kwa paketi ya batri ndikukulitsa moyo wake wautumiki. Komabe, pamafunika kuchuluka kwa ma charger, kulumikizana kochuluka pakati pa batire paketi ndi ma charger, netiweki yovuta yowunikira, komanso mtengo wokwera. Mapangidwe ake akuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 11-13.ndi zofunikira zake zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito

nsanja. Pakati pazimenezi, pulatifomu yochajitsa ndiyolumikizidwa ku gwero lamagetsi la DC logwirizana ndi magetsi ochepera-mgalimoto yagalimotoyo, chotchinga chosungira batire, cholumikizira cholumikizira chachaja, cholumikizira cholumikizira chaja, ndi sensa ya alamu. Bokosi limodzi la mabatire likayikidwa pa pulatifomu yochajitsa, mphamvu yochepera-yamagetsi yamagetsi imapatsa mphamvu batire yoyang'anira. Chaja ndi gawo loyang'anira batire zimalumikizana kuti azitha kuwongolera, ndipo mphamvu imatumizidwa kuchokera pa charger kupita ku batri kudzera pa cholumikizira chotulutsa chaja. Zowunikira ma alamu, zowunikira kutentha, ndi zina zotero, zimazindikira pa-zoyang'anira tsamba panthawi yolipirira.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mabokosi, makina okonzera batire ayenera kuyang'anira ndi kukonza kuchuluka, mtundu, ndi mmene mabatire onse alili munthawi yeniyeni-, kuchita zinthu monga kusunga batire, kusintha,-kuyikanso m'magulu, kusanja batire, kuyezetsa mphamvu ya batire, kuyesa mphamvu zenizeni, ndi kusamalira batire mwadzidzidzi.

(2)Integral Pack ChargingNdi kuyitanitsa paketi yophatikizika, mabokosi onse a batri omwe amachotsedwa pagalimoto yamagetsi amalumikizidwa momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito pagalimoto. Chaja imodzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulipiritsa paketi yonse ya batri, ndipo magawo onse oyang'anira mabatire amalumikizana ndi Battery Management Host ndi charger kuti amalize kuwongolera. Njirayi imafunikira ma charger ocheperako ndipo imakhala ndi maukonde owunikira osavuta, koma poyerekeza ndi njira yolipirira bokosi, kufananiza kwa batire kumakhala kocheperako, ndipo moyo wautumiki ndi wamfupi. Mapangidwe ake akuwonetsedwa pazithunzi 11-14.

Kuyerekeza kwa njira ziwiri zolipirira zikuwonetsedwa mu Gulu 11-4.

Gulu 11-4 Kufananiza Njira Ziwiri Zolipiritsa

Pa-Njira Yolipiritsa

Galimoto ikafunikira kuyitanitsa kowonjezera, chojambuliracho chimalumikizidwa ndi pulagi yolipiritsa, ndipo batire imatha kuyimbidwa mwachindunji popanda kuchotsedwa mgalimoto, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 11-15. Ubwino wake ndi njira yosavuta yolipirira ndipo sizimaphatikizapo njira monga kusungirako batri kapena kubwezeretsa batire. Komabe, nthawi yolipiritsa galimotoyo imatenga nthawi yoyendetsera galimotoyo kapena nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimoto isagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yocheperako pakusunga kufananiza kwa paketi ya batri ndikukulitsa moyo wake wautumiki.

Njira yolipirira pa-board charging imayendetsedwa kudzera mu mizere yolumikizira ya -charger ya pa board ndi-netiweki ya pa board, ndi netiweki yamkati ya CAN yagalimoto yamagetsi, kumalumikizana ndi{3}}wothandizira owongolera batire kuti amalize kuwongolera. Kapangidwe ka-pamalumikizidwe ochapira pa board akuwonetsedwa pazithunzi 11-16.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma charger omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito -pakuchartsa pa board. Imodzi ndi -chaja ya pa board yomwe imayikidwa ndi kunyamulidwa ndi galimoto, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa, nthawi zambiri imakhala yocheperapo 5KW pama sedan amagetsi, yokhala ndi mphamvu yaing'ono komanso yothamanga nthawi yayitali. Izi ndizoyenera magalimoto amagetsi omwe amalipira usiku ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito masana. Ina ndi -charger yothamanga kwambiri, yomwe imaonetsetsa kuti galimotoyo ili ndi charger mkati mwa mphindi 30, zomwe zimatha kuwonjezera mphamvu kuti galimotoyo iziyenda mtunda wopitilira 50km. Ma sedan opangidwa ndi magetsi amafunikira-chiwonekedwe cha charger cha board komanso chojambulira chofulumira kuti chikwaniritse zosowa zamitundu iwiri ya ma charger, zomwe zikutanthauza kukhala ndi ma interfaces awiri omwe ali ofanana. Chithunzi 11-17 chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe olipira agalimoto yamagetsi ya Nissan Leaf.