Kodi njira yolumikizirana ndi data ndi chiyani?
Kuyankhulana kwa basi
The Controller Area Network (CAN) bus ndi serial communication protocol basi yopangidwa kuti izigwira ntchito nthawi yeniyeni-. Imatha kutumiza ma siginecha pawiri zopotoka, chingwe coaxial, kapena ulusi wa kuwala. Chifukwa chakuchita kwake kwapamwamba, kudalirika kwambiri, ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri a nthawi yeniyeni-, CAN yakhala imodzi mwa mabasi ovomerezeka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Pakadali pano, kulumikizana kwa CAN ndiye njira yolumikizirana yolumikizirana pamakina owongolera mabatire (BMS). Imalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndikugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri m'machitidwe amagetsi amagetsi amagetsi apakhomo ndi akunja, komanso pamiyezo yolumikizirana ya data ya BMS ku China ndi kunja. Ma protocol ena amabasi monga RS232 ndi RS485 amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamalumikizidwe ena amkati a kasamalidwe ka batire.
FlexRay Communication
Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wamagalimoto amagetsi, mayankho achikhalidwe a CAN sakhalanso njira yabwino yothetsera zovuta zoyankhulirana zamagalimoto. Mu Seputembala 2000, BMW ndi DaimlerChrysler, mogwirizana ndi Philips ndi Motorola, adakhazikitsa FlexRay Consortium kuti apange njira yatsopano yolumikizirana ndi kuilimbikitsa ngati njira yokhazikika yamagetsi apamwamba, chasisi, ndi X-by{3}}waya.
FlexRay imapereka zinthu zambiri zapamwamba zomwe -zolankhulana m'galimoto (monga CAN) mulibe, kuphatikizapo:
(1) High Transmission RateNjira iliyonse ya FlexRay imapereka bandwidth ya 10 Mbit / s. FlexRay ikhoza kugwira ntchito ngati tchanelo chimodzi ({2}}chofanana ndi netiweki ya CAN kapena LIN) kapena ngati matchanelo-awiri, akumadutsa 20 Mbit/s-20 kuchulukitsa kuwirikiza liwiro lamanetiweki apano a CAN.
(2) Synchronized Time BaseNjira yofikira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu FlexRay imatengera nthawi yolumikizidwa yapadziko lonse lapansi. Nthawi iyi imakhazikitsidwa yokha ndikulumikizidwa ndi protocol ndikuperekedwa ku gawo lazogwiritsa ntchito. Kulondola kwa nthawi yoyambira kumakhala pakati pa 0.5 μs ndi 10 μs (nthawi zambiri 1-2 μs).
(3) Kulankhulana kotsimikizaKulankhulana mu FlexRay kumachitika pobwerezabwereza maulendo olankhulirana, pomwe mauthenga enieni amapatsidwa malo okhazikika (mipata) mkati mwa kuzungulira. Chifukwa chake, wolandirayo amadziwiratu nthawi yeniyeni yomwe uthenga udzafika. Kupatuka kwakanthawi kwa nthawi yofikira uthenga ndikochepa kwambiri komanso kotsimikizika.
(4) Kulekerera Kwambiri ZolakwaKuthekera kwamphamvu kozindikira zolakwika ndi ntchito-zosaloleka ndizomwe zimaganiziridwa pamapangidwe a FlexRay.
- Basi ya FlexRay imagwiritsa ntchito Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) kuti izindikire zolakwika zolumikizana.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito-njira ziwiri, FlexRay imapereka mwayi wowonjezera.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito star topology (kapena kaphatikizidwe ka topology), FlexRay imatha kuthana ndi vuto-zofuna kulekerera, kuphatikiza-mfundo imodzi-ya{3}}kuchepetsa kulephera.
(5) KusinthasinthaKusinthasintha kunali kofunikira kwambiri pakupanga protocol ya FlexRay ndipo ikuwonekera m'mbali zotsatirazi: ① Imathandizira ma topologies angapo (mabasi, nyenyezi, wosakanizidwa, ndi zina); ② Utali wa uthenga wosinthika: kutalika kwa malipiro a data kumatha kupangidwa mogwirizana ndi zofunikira za pulogalamu yowongolera; ③ Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zapawiri-zambiri zamatchanelo, matchanelo awiriwa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa bandwidth kapena kutumiza mauthenga osafunikira; ④ Kutalika kwa magawo osasunthika komanso osunthika mkati mwa njira yolankhulirana kumatha kusinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni.
Industrial Efaneti
Industrial Ethernet ndi netiweki yotseguka kwathunthu, ya digito. Zipangizo zochokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana zimatha kupeza kulumikizana mosavuta potsatira ma protocol wamba. Amapereka maulendo apamwamba oyankhulana: Fast Ethernet yokhala ndi liwiro la 10 Mbit / s ndi 100 Mbit / s yavomerezedwa kwambiri, luso la Gigabit Ethernet lakhwima, ndipo 10 Gbit / s Ethernet ili pansi pa kufufuza ndi chitukuko. Mitengoyi ndi yokwera kwambiri kuposa ya ma fieldbus apano.
Komabe, Ethernet yamakampani ikukumanabe ndi zovuta zingapo, makamaka kuphatikiza:
- Kuchita zenizeni-nthawi yake
- Kusinthika ndi kudalirika m'malo ovuta a mafakitale
- Kupezeka kwa -maprotocol amtundu woyenera kuwongolera makina opangira mafakitale
Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwaukadaulo wamafakitale wa Ethernet, zovuta zomwe zili pamwambazi zikuthetsedwa pang'onopang'ono.
