Oyang'anira zogula ambiri amafananizamitengo ya batire ya forkliftpoyang'ana zomata-$3,000 za asidi wa lead-, $15,000 za lithiamu. Kuwerengera kumawoneka ngati kolunjika mpaka mutaganizira zomwe zabisika pansi. Batire imodzi ya forklift imafuna pafupifupi mphindi 20 kuthirira pa sabata. Kudutsa 20-za zombo zapamadzi pazaka zisanu, zomwe zikuphatikiza ndalama zokwana madola masauzande ambiri omwe sanawonekepo pogula. BMS-kayendetsedwe ka batri-ndi imene imatsimikizira ngati ndalama zanu za lithiamu zikubweretsa pa zomwe mwasungazo kapena kukhala mutu wodula kwambiri mutakhala pamalo otchatsira.
CAN Protocol Matching: Vuto la Umisiri Wadongosolo
Kufananiza kwa ma protocol a CAN kumakhala vuto laumisiri wamakina pomwe zombo zanu zikuphatikiza mitundu yambiri ya forklift. AForklift lithiamu batire BMSmafotokozedwe atsatanetsatane amatchula ndondomeko zoyankhulirana-kawirikawiri CAN 2.0B, J1939, kapena RS485-koma mawu achidulewo satanthauza kanthu mpaka mutatsimikizira kuti kugwirana chanza kumagwira ntchito ndi woyang'anira wanu. Machitidwe a Curtis, Zapi, ndi Toyota aliyense amayembekezera machitidwe osiyanasiyana. Ikani batire yokhala ndi kapangidwe kosagwirizana ndi CAN, ndipo forklift imatha kuponya makhodi olakwika kapena imagwira ntchito popanda zolondola-data yolipira yomwe ikudyetsa ubongo wagalimoto.
Apa ndipamene magulu amtundu-ophatikizana amapeza zovuta zake: nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zonse ziwiriMagawo a Linde ndi Yalesindingaganize kuti wopereka batire m'modzi amaphimba onse awiri, pokhapokha ngati woperekayo akutsimikizira momveka bwino thandizo la J1939 la mndandanda wa Yale's VX ndi ma protocol a Linde. Tawona magulu ogula zinthu akukambirana zochotsera zambiri kuti apeze theka la mabatire omwe amafunikira ma adapter a CAN amtundu wa aftermarket omwe alibe chitsimikizo-zotsatira zomwe zimachotseratu mtengo wake.
Zomwe Voltage Monitoring Imateteza
Batire iliyonse ya Forklift BMS imatchula kulondola kwa voliyumu yowunikira, nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupifupi ± 0.5% yokhala ndi 1mV resolution. Nambalayo imamveka yolondola, koma phindu lake limatengera momwe BMS imagwirira ntchito kusalinganika kwa ma cell pamayendedwe masauzande ambiri.
Maselo a LiFePO4gwirani ntchito pawindo lopapatiza lamagetsi-2.5V pansi mpaka denga la 3.65V. BMS yomwe imasunthika ngakhale 2% pamagetsi owerengera imachititsa kuti achedwe msanga kapena, mowopsa kwambiri, kulola kuti ma cell azichulukirachulukira pomwe paketi{9}}kuwerengera kwake kumawoneka ngati kwabwinobwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zitsimikizo za SOH (zaumoyo) zakhala zosiyanitsa zenizeni pakati pa ogulitsa. Yang'anani zitsimikizo zotsimikizira 75% SOH pakatha miyezi 60-zomwe zimakhalapo pokhapokha ngati BMS imayang'anira mosamala selo lililonse.
Tikamatchula mapulojekiti atatu-osintha zinthu, zochita zosinthana ndi zongoyerekeza zimasintha zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zokonzera zinthu ndi 15–20%. Kusanja pang'onopang'ono kumachotsa mphamvu zochulukirapo ngati kutentha pakuchangitsa, zomwe zimagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi-zosintha. Malo ambiri-anthawi zonse a maola 16+ tsiku lililonse amafunikira kusanja pa 1A–5A, kutumiza mphamvu pakati pa ma cell m'malo mongowononga. Kuchulukira kwake kumadalira kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe mumatchaja komanso kutentha komwe kumazungulira{13}zida zomwe timapeza m'masiku 90 oyamba ogwirira ntchito kuti tiwongoleretu.
ROI ndi Mtundu wa Opaleshoni
Malipiro anu obweza amatengera kusintha kumodzi pamwamba pa ena onse: maola ogwiritsira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.
-zosintha zitatu (16+ maola/tsiku):
Malipiro amafika pakati pa miyezi 18-24. Masamuwa amagwira ntchito chifukwa mumathetsa kusinthasintha kwa batire-pa forklift imodzi, batire imodzi, charger imodzi. Chipinda cha batri chimakhala pansi. Pamitengo ya $25/sq ft m'malo osungiramo zinthu zazikulu, kutengeranso masikweya mita 500 kumabweza $12,500 pachaka musanapulumutse mphamvu.
Kachitidwe-kamodzi (maola 8/tsiku, kuthawa kumapeto kwa sabata):
Kubwezera kumapitilira mpaka miyezi 30-36. Simukupeza mtengo wa batri, kotero ubwino wake umacheperachepera pakuchajisa bwino (95–98% vs. 75–80%) ndi kuthetsa kukonzanso.
Magulu 28-amagulu ogawa katundu omwe asungidwa ku Central China-othamanga a Linde E-panthawi yokhazikika -35 degrees -watipatsa chilolezo chogawana data yonse koma osati dzina lawo. Asanatembenuzidwe, gulu lawo lotsogola{16}la asidi linkachita avereji 3.2 kulephera kwa batire mosakonzekera pamwezi m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Kusinthitsa kwa miyezi 18-: kutenthetsa kulibe, kukonzanso pamwezi kumawononga pafupifupi $2,000, ndi data yonse ya SOH yopezeka pansi pa NDA. Kuwerengera kosungirako kozizira kumakhala kosiyana chifukwa LiFePO4 imasunga 95% mphamvu pa -40 digiri pomwe lead-acid imatsikira ku 30-50% -koma umboni wogwirira ntchito uli m'zipika zolephera, osati pepala.
Kodi ntchito yanu ili m'gulu liti? Lumikizanani nafe ndi maola anu atsiku ndi tsiku komanso kukula kwa zombo-tidzayendetsa mawonedwe anu enieni a ROI mkati mwa maola 48.
Zomwe Timamanga Mosiyana
Kusiyana kwamitengo pakati pa ogulitsa mabatire a forklift nthawi zambiri kumabwera ku BMS tier, osati mtundu wa cell. Batire yokwana $10,000 motsutsana ndi $7,000 ikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ma cell a CATL kapena EVE ofanana, koma mamangidwe a BMS amasiyana kwambiri-ndipo kusiyana kumawonekera pazokambirana zanu za chitsimikizo, osati mwezi wanu woyamba kugwira ntchito.
Kachulukidwe kakuwunika kwa kutentha:Timayika thermistor imodzi ya NTC pama cell awiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuzindikira kuti kutentha sikutha kutsika kusiyana kwa kutentha kusanasefukire. Magawo a bajeti amatsikira ku sensa imodzi pa module iliyonse, kupanga mawanga akhungu pakati pa ma cell omwe kutentha kumachuluka kwambiri. Tanthauzo la mgwirizano: chitsimikizo chathu chokhazikika chimakhudza zochitika zotentha popanda kufunikira umboni wa kutsata kwa opareshoni. Otsatsa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito module-yozindikira ma level nthawi zambiri amapatula "chilankhulidwe chosayenera cha "charging"-chimene chimakupangitsani kuti mukhale ndi udindo pakagwa vuto.
M'kafukufuku wa kulephera kwa mabasi ambiri a CAN omwe tawona, gwero lake limachokera ku mapini anayi ang'onoang'ono olumikizirana a Euro connector-kuvala pamapiniwa kumapangitsa kuti anthu azilumikizana pafupipafupi, zomwe zimawoneka ngati makhodi olakwika omwe amatenga maola 2 mpaka 4 a nthawi yowunikira pa chochitika chilichonse. BMS yathu yopangira njira CAN kudzera m'mafakitale olimba omwe adavotera 10,000+ kakukweretsa. Kwa zombo za 50-mayunitsi zomwe zimayenda maulendo awiri, cholumikizira chokhacho chimalepheretsa mafoni 6-8 osakonzekera pachaka.
Kulondola kwa algorithm ya SOC:Kukhazikitsa kwathu zosefera za Kalman kumasunga ± 3% kulondola kwa SOC panthawi yonseyi. Izi ndizofunikira ngati opareshoni alowetsamo nthawi ya nkhomaliro-yolakwika SOC ikutanthauza kuti woyang'anira shift amangoyerekeza nthawi yotsalayo (yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chapakati-kutseka kwa kanjira) kapena amailingalira mochepera (kuwononga mazenera ochapira abwino). M'modzi mwamakasitomala athu ogawa magawo amagalimoto adawerengeranso zomwe amafunikira pakulipiritsa atawona zambiri za SOC: adayimitsa malo oyitanitsa achiwiri, ndikupulumutsa $18,000 pamitengo yoyika.
Izi sizinthu zongoyerekeza. Tikulumikizani ndi makasitomala omwe alipo kale omwe ali ndi zochunira zofananira zama foni achindunji-pansi pa NDA pakufunika.
Zowona Zakutumiza
Kusiyana kwa kulemera kumapangitsa zombo zina mosayembekezereka.Mabatire a lithiamukulemera kwake ndi 40–60% kucheperapo-mapaketi a asidi, zomwe zimamveka ngati mwayi mpaka mutazindikira kuti ma forklift counterweight mawerengedwe amatengera kuchuluka kwa batire yoyambirira. Paketi ya 3,000 lb lead-asidi m'malo ndi 1,800 lb lithiamu yofanana imafuna kuyika ballast{9}}matani enieniwo amasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa forklift, kutalika kwa mast, ndi mphamvu yokweza. Timawerengera izi panthawi yowerengera ndikuphatikiza zolemba za ballast mu phukusi lotumizira.
Kugwirizana kwa charger ndi lingaliro lina lazogula lomwe limalephera kuchita. Magawo a Lithium BMS amalumikizana ndi ma charger kuti azitha kuyang'anira mbiri yamakono; lead{{1}ma charger a asidi amakankhira kokhota kokhazikika komwe kumanyalanyaza kulumikizanaku. Kuyika mabatire a lithiamu okhala ndi lead yomwe ilipo kale{3}}ma charger a asidi sikungochotsa zitsimikizo-kumawononga ma cell. Bajeti yosinthira ma charger kapena kutsimikizira kuti wopereka batire amapereka njira zophatikizira zolipirira zomwe zidavotera nsanja yanu yamagetsi (24V, 36V, 48V, 80V).
Zomwe ogulitsa ambiri sakuuzani: kusintha kwa 50-mayunitsi ndi projekiti ya kotala, osati sabata lalitali. Masabata awiri kwa kufufuza mphamvu ndi kuphunzira mphamvu, masabata anayi kapena asanu ndi atatu kugula ndi kutsimikizira dongosolo, tsiku limodzi kapena awiri pa unit kwa unsembe ndi kusintha ballast, sabata limodzi maphunziro oyendetsa, ndiye mwezi kuwunika pamaso magawo bata. Timapanga nthawi iyi mu mgwirizano kuti palibe mbali yomwe ikudabwa.
Kumene Lithiamu Simamveka
Takana mafunso atatu okhudza kusintha zombo zankhondo m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayi-pamalo amodzi-zosintha{1}}zosagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono, zotsogola zomwe zilipo kale-zomangamanga za asidi osakwana zaka zitatu, ndipo palibe mapulani okulitsa. Kubwezako kudapitilira miyezi 48 nthawi iliyonse, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kasitomala atha kusintha ma forklift asanabweze ndalama za batri. Kukonda kutaya malonda kusiyana ndi kukhala ndi kasitomala yemwe ali ndi nkhani yolakwika ya ROI.
Koma malo osungiramo zinthu zambiri, -malo ogawira 24/7, malo ozizira ozizira, kapena magalimoto opitilira mayunitsi 10 okhala ndi mapulani akukulira, BMS-inapangitsa kuti maubwino awoneke mwachangu kuposa mtengo wapatsogolo.
Masitepe Otsatira
Titumizireni kapangidwe ka zombo zanu-mtundu wa forklift, nsanja zamagetsi, nthawi zogwirira ntchito tsiku lililonse. Pasanathe maola 48, mudzalandira:
1.CAN Protocol compatibility chitsimikizo cha chitsanzo chilichonse
2.Custom ROI kuwonetseratu kutengera momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito
3.Maumboni olumikizana nawo pamachitidwe ofanana omwe akuyendetsa mabatire athu (NDA ilipo)
Zombo zanu zimatchulidwira mkati, manambala anu. Ndiwo ndondomeko.
